Tag: Gerard Mourou

  • July 18, 2020

    July 18, 2020

    Covid-19. In Romania, the number of infections with the new coronavirus has exceeded 36,600, according to the latest data announced by the Strategic Communication Group. 889 new cases were reported in the last 24 hours. Also, 21 more people died, the total number of deaths in the context of the coronavirus epidemic thus reaching 2009. Out of those who tested positive, more than 22,400 have been declared cured and discharged. Abroad, 5,212 Romanians were confirmed to be infected with the new coronavirus, and 122 died. Doctors say that one of the causes of the explosion in the number of cases is the discharge of positive patients on demand. Prime Minister Ludovic Orban has stated today that he does not wish to impose measures that would impact the economy in a negative way, but that depends on how the rules are observed.



    Pandemic. More than 14,200,000 people have been infected with the new coronavirus in the world since the beginning of the pandemic and almost 600,000 have died. According to worldometers.info, more than 8.4 million people have healed so far. The United States recorded, for the third day in a row, a record number of new cases of COVID-19 in 24 hours, according to data from Johns Hopkins University. The more than 77,600 new contaminations reviewed in one day bring the number of cases of infection in the country, since the beginning of the pandemic, to about 3.64 million. For several weeks now, the United States has been facing an explosion in the number of infections in the south and west of the country, by far the most affected in the world. In the face of rising contamination and the threat of a second wave, several European countries continue to tighten sanitation and quarantine conditions. In France, where several outbreaks have reappeared in recent days, wearing a mask will become mandatory next week in all enclosed spaces reserved for the public. In Australia, Prime Minister Scott Morrison postponed the opening of parliament by a few weeks, given that the new coronavirus continues to spread in the most densely populated cities in the country.



    Quarantine law. Romanian President Klaus Iohannis has today promulgated the Law on the establishment of measures in the field of public health in situations of epidemiological and biological risk. On Thursday, the Bucharest Senate, the decision-making body on this matter, adopted the law on quarantine and isolation. In six days of debates, numerous changes were made to the bill initiated by the Government. Earlier, in the Chamber of Deputies, the document, harshly criticized by specialists, opposition and NGOs, had been changed. In the form in which it was definitively voted, the law stipulates, among other things, that the quarantine measure is established on the basis of official scientific statements and case definition, at the persons home, at a location declared by them or in a space designated by the authorities.



    European Council. European leaders continue talks in Brussels today on the future multiannual budget and the controversial financial economic recovery package after the pandemic. This is the first time in five months that the heads of state and government of the Union have met face to face. Fridays talks were described as constructive, but the Netherlands, Austria, Denmark and Sweden have reservations about the non-reimbursable amounts that would be received by the worst-affected countries, without being asked for a program of reforms through the relaunch fund proposed by France and Germany. Present at the summit, the head of the Romanian state, Klaus Iohannis, believes that Bucharest can receive a substantial amount, but admits that opinions are divided and negotiations are complicated. He supports Romanias major objective in terms of the future budget of the union, namely to obtain the most important allocations for the common agricultural policy and for the cohesion one. Regarding the economic recovery plan, Klaus Iohannis advocates the option of a higher share of grants compared to loans in the total amounts allocated and as a long a period as possible for the implementation of the new recovery tool, so that the amounts can be fully and effectively absorbed.



    Laser. Professor Gerard Mourou, the winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2018 and the initiator of the ELI (Extreme Light Infrastructure) project, came to Romania, where he visited, the ELI Center in Măgurele (near Bucharest). Professor Mourou particularly appreciated the remarkable progress in the implementation of the project, emphasizing the uniqueness, technological and scientific advancement of the infrastructure made at the international research platform in the field of lasers. He discussed with researchers there the launch of “experiments related to the use of high-power laser systems in the development of new nuclear technologies for energy production with minimal environmental pollution.” We recall that, in March 2019, the laser in Magurele registered a first in world research: it reached 10 PW, the power for which it was built, being the most powerful laser in the world. (M. Ignatescu)


  • Cel mai mare laser din lume

    Cel mai mare laser din lume

    Sunt fabuloşi – afirmă
    despre oamenii de ştiinţă din România profesorul francez Gérard Mourou. Cotat
    drept unul dintre cei mai importanţi fizicieni contemporani, el e iniţiatorul
    proiectului european ELI, al cărui pilon principal, ELI Nuclear Physics, se
    construieşte la Institul de Fizică Nucleară de la Măgurele, lângă Bucureşti,
    sub forma celui mai mare laser din lume.

    În 2012, Comisia Europeană a aprobat
    finanţarea cu 180 de milioane de euro a Laserului de la Măgurele, costurile
    totale urmând să se ridice la 356 de milioane de euro, ceea ce înseamnă că e
    cel mai mare proiect ştiinţific din România. Complementar cu proiecte similare,
    dar de mai mici dimensiuni, dezvoltate în Ungaria şi Cehia, ELI-NP va fi un
    laborator european ce va investiga în detaliu probleme dintr-o gamă largă de
    domenii ştiinţifice, de la fizica fundamentală la fizica nucleară şi de la
    astrofizică la aplicaţii în ştiinţa materialelor şi ştiinţele vieţii. Printre
    aplicaţii mai figurează tratarea cancerului, identificarea substanţelor
    radioactive şi testarea circuitelor electronice din sateliţi. Experţii spun că
    aplicaţiile acestui proiect sunt utile şi în cazul deşeurilor radioactive
    acumulate de-a lungul anilor şi oferă soluţii ce ar putea preveni dezastre
    ecologice precum cel produs la centrala de la Fukushima, din Japonia, în 2011.

    Directorul Institutului de Fizică
    Nucleară, Nicolae Zamfir, spune că proiectul, ce trebuie finalizat peste trei
    ani, este în grafic.Însuşi
    profesorul Gérard Mourou a pledat pentru alegerea României ca gazdă a acestei
    ambiţioase forme de cooperare ştiinţifică între statele membre ale Uniunii
    Europene. Specialiştii spun că Institutul de la
    Măgurele prezenta, deja, numeroase avantaje în competiţia pentru finanţarea şi
    implementarea celui mai mare laser din lume.

    Primul
    laser pus aici în funcţiune datează din 1962. Cu cinci ani înainte de acest
    eveniment, la Măgurele au fost puse în funcţiune primul reactor de cercetare şi
    primul ciclotron (n.red. accelerator folosit în fizica nucleară pentru a
    imprima energii foarte mari particulelor grele) din România. Producţia de
    radioizotopi, unul dintre ţelurile ELI-NP, este o activitate pe care institutul
    o desfăşoară încă din 1974. În acelaşi an, institutul era dotat cu un
    accelerator în tandem şi un centru de procesare a deşeurilor radioactive.

    În
    2000, în colaborare cu alte ţări europene a fost deschis la Măgurele un centru
    de iradiere cu scopuri multiple.El
    însuşi fizician de profesie, preşedintele României, Klaus Iohannis, nu şi-a
    ascuns încântarea faţă de laserul de la Măgurele şi a mărturisit că abia
    aşteaptă să vină la inaugurarea prevăzută în 2018. Preşedintele mai crede că
    acest proiect reprezintă şi un argument pentru cercetătorii plecaţi în
    străinătate să revină în România.