Tag: journalism

  • The power of words: young journalist Tamar Sikharulidze of Georgia

    The power of words: young journalist Tamar Sikharulidze of Georgia

    The Megalizzi-Niedzielski Awards are offered, every year, to aspiring journalists and honor the memory of Antonio Megalizzi and Bartek Piotr Orent-Niedzielski, young European journalists with a strong attachment to the EU and its values, who passed away after a terrorist attack in Strasbourg, in 2018. They aim to reward and encourage promising European journalists who share Antonio and Bartek’s enthusiasm for the European project.

    This year’s ten finalists have been selected from among 350 journalists who sent their applications from across all the EU, accession states and neighboring countries.

    One of them is Tamar Sikharulidze of Georgia. She is currently a 3rd year governance and social sciences student at Tbilisi Free University, a journalist at Tabula, who  describes herself as an admirer of classic liberalism, big time fan of good humor, Italian B-list movies, and Memphis underground punk rock.  Let’s listen to her, in an interview she granted to RRI’s Eugen Cojocariu, shortly after the awards ceremony.

  • Mass media in Romania: the state of play

    Mass media in Romania: the state of play


    Romania remains last in Europe in terms of respecting and guaranteeing the freedom and safety of the mass media, as well as unrestricted access to information, the president of ActiveWatch Liana Ganea says.



    In her opinion, one of the key problems is that major political parties are financing the media in a non-transparent manner, which leads to reasonable suspicions that the media coverage of the public agenda is distorted.



    At the same time, the few journalists who are critical of the political power have become subject to vilification campaigns, initiated either by political players or by media institutions with a long track record of deviations from professional ethics, Liana Ganea adds.



    She also believes the state should have genuine control over the intelligence services and restrict their growing powers and their ability to interfere with the right to free speech.



    In turn, the president of the Centre for Independent Journalism, Ioana Avădani, says the mass media in Romania are facing major problems that are within the governments jurisdiction. Some of these problems include the lack of transparency regarding the shareholding structure of media companies and their influence on the editorial agenda, attacks on journalists coming from political players and the aggressive rhetoric against journalists.



    The Romanian government must understand, even without pressure from Europe, that mass-media is a legitimate actor in the public debate and that its critical role goes beyond any financial or political interests, Ioana Avădani emphasised.



    These opinions come in the context of the statements made by the vice-president of the European Commission for values and transparency, Vera Jourova, who said that “The situation of the media in Romania is not very rosy and there is a lot of room for improvement.”



    Asked whether the new legislative instruments suggested by the European Commission last year and currently pending adoption are enough to address these problems, she said they are, but pointed out she is expecting more from the Romanian state in the meantime.



    The Commissions 2022 report on the rule of law mentions that the mass media in Romania is facing problems such as the fact that “transparency on media ownership continues to be incomplete” and the worsening of the situation regarding threats, cases of harassment and violence against journalists.



    In 2022, there were two cases of criminal sentences pronounced in Romanian courts with respect to offences against the safety of journalists. (AMP)


  • Romania’s veteran writers and their European standing

    Romania’s veteran writers and their European standing


    Critically-acclaimed novelist and journalist Gabriela Adamesteanu’s exceptional qualities as a fiction writer have from the early days of her career recommended the author as a canonic author in contemporary Romanian literature. Gabriela Adamesteanu turned 80 on April 2nd, 2022. Her birthday anniversary was celebrated at the Museum of Romanian Literature. Gabriela Adameșteanu is one of the best-known Romanian women writers and journalists; she is also a many-time award-winning author. Gabriela Adamesteanu compelled recognition with her maiden novel titled Wasted Morning (1984). The novel was reprinted seven times in Romanian and scooped the Romanian Writers’ Union Award. Also, it was translated into many languages. Wasted Morning was also turned into a play by the highly-acclaimed theater director, the late Catalina Buzoianu, in a memorable stage performance with the Bulandra Theatre in Bucharest, in 1986. Gabriela Adameșteanu’s most recent novel Fontana di Trevi, brought out by the Polirom Publishers in 2018, is the closing part of a trilogy, whose first volume, brought out in 1975, was titled The Even Progress of Every Day, while the second novel was titled Temporariness, and was published in 2010. Gabriela Adamesteanu is also the author of two short fiction volumes, Treat Yourself to a Vacation Day (1979) and Summer-spring (1989). She is also the author of The Encounter, a novel published in 2003. Her articles have also been collected in several volumes. The Romantic Years is the title of Gabriela Adamesteanu’s volume of memoirs, brought out in 2014. The Polirom Publishers dedicated an author series to Gabriela Adamesteanu. For fourteen years, over 1991 and 2005, Gabriela Adameșteanu was the editor-in-chief of 22, a political and social weekly publication edited by the Group for Social Dialogue. The Cultural Bucharest supplement was also initiated by Gabriela Adamesteanu, who coordinated it until 2013. At the event staged by the National Museum of Romanian Literature, literary critic and academic, Dr Carmen Mușat, the editor-in-chief of The Cultural Observer magazine, spoke highly of Gabriela Adamesteanu’s journalistic activity.



    Carmen Musat:



    Gabriela Adameșteanu is one of the personalities that set the trend for the independent press after 1989. Through her activity with the 22 magazine and the Group for Social Dialogue, Gabriela Adamesteanu proved authentic journalism was truly possible, genuine journalism does not sweep the serious problems of today’s society under the carpet, on the contrary, such journalism strips them bare and claims that debates be held, focusing on such problems. In my opinion, Gabriela Adamesteanu the journalist provides a key element for her prose, as I do not see a rift between Gabriela Adamesteanu the journalist and Gabriela Adameșteanu the prose writer. Quite the contrary, I think we’re speaking about continuity, to that end, and I am sure Gabriela Adameșteanu’s prose stood to gain from her activity as a journalist, just as Gabriela’s journalism has been deeply influenced by her profile as a prose writer. That extraordinary curiosity of hers, for everything related to the social dimension, to the day-to-day life, to the destiny of the human being as they grapple with history, politics and society, the topics of Gabriela Adamesteanu’s prose, whether we speak about the short fiction or the novels, are also the topics of her journalism. And I think that encounter between journalism and fiction is best illustrated by The Romantic Years. It is a volume which, apart from its autobiographical stuff, draws its inspiration from her activity as an editor-in-chief, as a trend-setter, someone who takes an interest in the problems of the city. It is at once a volume where we yet again find everything related to the narrative structure typical for fiction, everything related to the narrative style and techniques that are characteristic for Gabriela Adamesteanu’s prose.



    Here is Gabriela Adamesteanu herself, speaking about the backdrop against which she took over the coordination of the 22 magazine.



    Gabriela Adamesteanu:



    The magazine had that initial formula, to a great extent thanks to Stelian Tanase (historian and writer, the first president of the Group for Social Dialogue, the founder and the editor-in-chief of the 22 magazine. I stood for continuity but, and there’s no doubt about it, I added a lot to that myself. Yet the independent policy, the European integration program and the pro-Atlantic leaning have existed from the very beginning with the 22 magazine, at a time when the Foreign Affairs Ministry and the country’s administration did not consider that. In the summer of 1991, the magazine fared rather badly, it had a circulation of a quite great number of copies which didn’t quite sell, so the Group for Social Dialogue opted for organizing a project competition. Registering for the competition at that time was Alina Mungiu-Pippidi (a journalist and a civil society activist) whose format for the magazine was different than that of Stelian Tanase. And then I thought I should submit a project for the magazine and I was announced I was going to be the editor-in-chief. It was in September 1991 when I took over the coordination of the magazine.



    At the event staged by the National Museum of Romanian Literature, Carmen Mușat gave the audience an account of how she discovered Gabriela Adameșteanu’s writing in the 1980s.



    Carmen Musat:



    I discovered Gabriela Adameșteanu as a writer in the 1980s, in the dreadful 1980s when I was a student and when everybody lowered their voices as they were speaking, in admiration, about two books: Marin Preda’s The Most Beloved Man on Earth and Wasted Morning, by Gabriela Adamesteanu. Those were the years when a book was smuggled goods, if you did not have a connection in a bookshop it was hard to get hold of those books, the queues in bookshops were very long, and the lady bookshop keepers took advantage of that and sold those particular books together with other propaganda volumes. Wasted Morning was the talk of the party in various milieus of the society of that time. People talked about it at the university, the book was talked about in the men of letters’ knowledgeable circles, it was even discussed at the hairdresser’s. People kept talking about the authenticity of the book, about the fact that it was a book that managed to capture history’s twists and turns and what happened with the human beings in such circumstances. For Gabriela Adamesteanu the prose writer, it was essential for us to understand the way in which history on a large scale takes its toll on the small-sale histories, on the destinies of ordinary people who become victims of history, irrespective of their social ranking which could have otherwise made the difference.



    Between 2000 and 2004, Gabriela Adameșteanu was the vice-president and, later, the president between 2004 and 2006, of the Romanian PEN Center. She was also a member of the Jury for the Latin Union Prize (2007 – 2010) and honorary president of the first jury for the Romanian Goncourt Prize, in 2012. She is the recipient of the Chevalier de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres awarded by the French Ministry of Culture in 2013. Her books have been constantly reissued. Her volumes have been translated into 16 languages, and were brought out by well-known publishers. Gabriela Adamesteanu’s work is critically acclaimed, nationally and internationally.


    (EN)




  • New international recognition for “colectiv”

    New international recognition for “colectiv”

    In Rolling Stone magazines top 20 films of this year, the Romanian Alexander Nanaus documentary “colectiv is ranking first. It looks at the tragedy of October 30, 2015, when a fire broke out during a concert held in a rock club operating in a decommissioned plant in Bucharest. 64 people died, 27 of them on the spot, and around 200 were injured, one of whom committed suicide later on. Some of the injured were flown abroad for medical care, others, who stayed in the country, died because of the burns and of in-hospital infections.



    Following journalists, victims and governmental officials, Alexander Nanaus documentary talks about the awakening of civic engagement and the need for non-partisan journalism in a democratic world.



    The British The Economist, and the American Vanity Fair are some of the publications that do not conceal their admiration for this documentary: The Economist calls it a “remarkable film, Vanity Fair describes it as “shattering.



    After the awards won at international film festivals in Brazil, the US, Belgium, Israel, Switzerland and Luxembourg, last weekend the documentary won the European Film Academys award for best documentary.



    “colectiv is the first Romanian documentary to win this competition of the European Film Academy, an institution founded in 1988 and bringing together over 3,800 European filmmakers. This prompted director Alexander Nanau to say that this is particularly a sign of recognition of the importance of journalism in society, of courage on the part of whistle-blowers and of citizens rights to be respected and protected by their politicians.



    “colectiv is also nominated, alongside 2 other films (‘Another Round’ and ‘Corpus Cristi’), for the Lux European Audience Award. The winner will be announced on April 28, 2021 in a European Parliament session, and will be based on the votes of the audience and of the MEPs, each weighing 50% in the decision.



    We should also mention that “colectiv by Alexander Nanau is Romanias contribution to next years Oscars for best international feature, previously known as the best foreign film. (tr. A.M. Popescu)

  • Measures to counteract the fake news phenomenon

    Measures to counteract the fake news phenomenon

    Is “fake news a misleading term? In the opinion of many, it should be replaced with that of “misinformation, which implies the intention to deceive. Adopted by public discourse with the most recent presidential elections in the United States, fake news has become a phenomenon with global effects, with the authorities and specialists worried about the consequences it may have.



    Fake news, the term perhaps not the most suitably used to refer to misinformation, has always existed. The public became more clearly aware of the spread of this phenomenon during the scandal involving the Cambridge Analytica consultancy firm, which was accused of manipulating many Facebook accounts to influence the result of elections in a number of countries. Andreea Gavrila, one of the founders of rubrika.ro, Romanias first reliable provider of automated news analysis, told Radio Romania:



    Andreea Gavrila: “The term ‘fake news is not always accurate, in the sense that we cannot regard falsehood as the counterpart of truth. In this sense, fake news is not necessarily news, is not necessarily fake, it can always have a grain of truth, which means that we could translate this type of news as counterfeit news, misinformation and informational disorder, which encapsulates very well the subject of fake news. So I believe we should highlight the fact that we are not dealing necessarily with untrue news, all the more so as fake news is very likely to contain a grain of truth.



    The development of the online environment and of social networks, the dependence on them and the exclusively online media consumption are factors that favour the expansion of the fake news phenomenon. A wide range of media products can be put in this category. And if you are a teenager, you are even more exposed to misinformation.



    According to a survey carried out by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, ordinary persons, meaning persons who are not specialised in this field, tend to classify as fake news a whole range of products, from parody, which functions as counterfeit information but not with the intention to manipulate, badly produced news owing to poor journalism, biased news, some advertising and hyper-politicised content, to invented news. The conclusion of the report by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism is that the definition of fake news is so broad that it becomes inoperative. That is why it proposes that we give up the term “fake news because it is misleading and use instead “misinformation, which implies the intention to deceive. Ioana Avadani, the director of the Centre of Independent Journalism, embraces the idea:



    Ioana Avadani: “I have quite well-grounded reservations about the use of the term ‘fake news, although it represents a linguistic shortcut for the phenomenon. Not all fake news we are exposed to is news. Not all fake news we are exposed to comes from journalists. The term directly refers to news, to journalism, to the professional area, and I find this unfair.



    How can we protect ourselves from fake news? Critical thinking and media education are two of the “weapons that can be used successfully in counteracting the phenomenon of fake news and misinformation. According to rubrika.ro, this means we should try to find more information from different sources, to react, to find reliable sources of information, instead of simply limiting ourselves to the information we get online. Also, we should at all times check who the real authors of the online news are, and, very importantly, whether the respective website has a physical address and a phone number, Ioana Adavani says.



    In an awareness raising effort, the Centre for Independent Journalism has been running, for the last 25 years, educational projects for high school students, to show them how the media works. “We are part of a handful of NGOs that do this kind of thing. We believe it is crucial that, if you have at one end a media system that functions according to certain norms, you should have at the other end a group of consumers who are aware of these norms, says Ioana Avadani. In Romania, the phenomenon is mainly found in the online environment, because the audiovisual media are regulated by the National Audiovisual Council, which can impose fines for failure to respect the norms.



    (translated by: Cristina Mateescu)