Tag: Maglavit

  • Petrache Lupu

    Petrache Lupu

    Dans les années 1930, un berger du village de Maglavit, situé sur les rives du Danube dans le sud-ouest de la Roumanie, prétendait que Dieu lui avait apparu et parlé directement. Effrayé au début, mais gagnant ensuite du courage, le berger a raconté aux villageois le miracle dont il avait été le témoin et leur a transmis le message de Dieu. Cest ainsi que naquit le phénomène de Petrache Lupu, personnage mystique et guérisseur, qui allait faire la une des journaux et des magazines illustrés pendant longtemps. Il est rapidement devenu l’une des personnalités publiques les plus populaires, plutôt en raison de l’appétit de toute société pour le sensationnel que grâce à ses actions ou à sa personnalité.


    Petrache Lupu était un paysan quelconque, né au début du XXe siècle, en 1907. C’était l’année marquée par la dernière émeute paysanne d’Europe, une révolte qui allait apporter de nombreux changements législatifs et améliorer la vie rurale. Les valeurs modernes, que les Roumains avaient commencé à adopter depuis les années 1820, avaient mis du temps à atteindre aussi les villages, où elles avaient du mal à être considérées comme un mode de vie. Dans les campagnes, les superstitions restaient très fortes malgré une présence constante de l’Église, et dans ce contexte, la transformation de Petrache Lupu en sauveur ne fut pas une surprise.


    Orphelin dès l’âge de 5 ans, Lupu a été élevé dans plusieurs familles du village. Il n’a reçu aucune éducation scolaire, il ne savait ni lire ni écrire et son vocabulaire était basique. Le magazine hebdomadaire «Realitatea ilustrată/La réalité illustrée», qui, en juillet 1935, publiait un log article au soi-disant «miracle de Maglavit», notait que le berger avait des troubles de l’audition et de la parole, suite à la rougeole, quil avait contractée à un moment donné. Le jeune homme était décrit comme quelquun de réservé, sans être un solitaire. Il avait réussi à fonder une famille, à avoir une femme et deux enfants. Les 31 mai, 7 juin et 14 juin 1935, sur la route de la bergerie, Lupu aurait vu un vieil homme flotter au-dessus du sol. L’historien Roland Clark, qui étudie le phénomène religieux dans la Roumanie de l’entre-deux-guerres, travaille sur un volume dans lequel il analyse également le célèbre cas de Petrache Lupu, le héros de l’histoire de Maglavit : «Petrache Lupu était un berger qui a vu Dieu, en 1935. Il l’a vu 3 fois. La première fois, il a dit qu’il l’avait vu comme un vieil homme, qui sentait une certaine odeur. Il est allé raconter tout ça à son prêtre et, ensemble, ils ont établi que le vieil homme sentait lhuile sainte. Ses cheveux le couvraient de la tête aux pieds. Ce vieil homme a dit à Petrache Lupu qu’il était Dieu et qu’il voulait que Petrache exhorte les gens à se repentir, à aller à léglise, à ne plus jurer, à ne plus pratiquer lavortement, à faire sonner les cloches et à ne pas travailler les jours saints. »


    Petrache s’est rendu au village, où il a raconté au prêtre lextraordinaire apparition dont il avait été le témoin. Le pope l’a cru sur parole et, ensemble avec leur communauté, ils ont fait connaître leur village dans tout le pays. Roland Clark : «Lupu a reçu le soutien du pope du village et de l’évêque, ces deux derniers ayant gagné beaucoup d’argent. Des gens de tout le pays ont envoyé de l’argent à Maglavit, mais on ne sait pas combien en est arrivé à destination, ni combien sen est perdu en cours de route. Les gens ont découvert que Petrache Lupu avait le don de guérir certaines maladies, des paralysies, des troubles de la vue et du langage. On dit qu’il avait lui aussi un trouble du langage, mais selon certains il aurait été tout simplement muet. Des dizaines de milliers de personnes sont venues en pèlerinage dans ce petit village, ce qui a beaucoup inquiété les médecins. Le fait d’avoir beaucoup de malades dans un endroit serré, où il n’y avait pas beaucoup d’habitants, pouvait déclencher une crise sanitaire majeure. De plus, quelqu’un qui disait que l’on pouvait guérir par la foi pouvait influencer les gens à ne plus vouloir consulter un médecin. De toute façon, peu de gens chercher le conseil dun médecin, à l’époque. Ils faisaient plutôt confiance aux guérisseurs et à quiconque, sauf aux médecins. »


    Une déferlante de personnes souffrantes sest ruée sur le village de Maglavit, qui leur donnait de l’espoir. On dit qu’environ 2 millions de personnes sont aller voir le «Saint de Maglavit», en quête de guérison. Roland Clark déclare que beaucoup y ont trouvé leur compte et que le berger mystique était un cas typique, montrant le niveau d’éducation de certains segments de la population à cette époque-là : «Cette affaire montre tout ce que les gens pensent de la religion et des superstitions, de la science, de la médecine et de la politique. Le Mouvement Légionnaire, dextrême droite, a lui aussi essayé de s’y infiltrer, de se rapprocher de Petrache Lupu, tout le monde en était impliqué dune certaine manière et avait quelque chose à dire sur cet homme. En regardant cet homme de plus près, nous pouvons mieux comprendre la culture rurale roumaine des années 1930. Le mouvement « Oastea Domnului / l’Armée du Seigneur » a beaucoup soutenu Petrache Lupu, les néo-protestants ont dit que ce n’était pas bien de faire cela, ils ne lui faisaient pas confiance, pour eux il n’était qu’un charlatan et un imbécile. Mais l’Église Orthodoxe l’a soutenu. »


    Petrache Lupu est décédé en 1994, dans son village natal, à l’âge de 87 ans. Il a laissé derrière lui une légende et un monastère ouvert en 2019. (Felicia Mitraşca)


  • Petrache Lupu

    Petrache Lupu

    Back in the 1930s, a shepherd from Maglavit, a village on the bank of the River Danube, claimed he had a vision in which God had spoken to him. Terrified at first, but getting more confident by the day, the shepherd started telling villagers about the miracle he had witnessed, and spreading the word of God. This is how the Petrache Lupu phenomenon emerged. Seen as a mystic and a visionary, he grabbed the newspapers’ and illustrated magazines’ headlines for a long time. In a very short period of time, he became one of the most popular characters in Romania, not so much due to his personality or activities, but rather because of people’s appetite for the sensational.

    Lupu was a peasant like any other peasants of the early 20th century. He was born in 1907, the year when the last peasant uprising in Europe had just ended, an uprising that would bring many legislative changes, improving living standards in the rural areas. The modern values that Romanians had adopted starting with 1820 had taken a long time to reach the rural area and people there were very reluctant to embracing them as a way of life. Rural areas were known as places where superstitions were still extremely powerful, despite a consistent church presence. Therefore, against this background, Petrache Lupu emerging as a saviour should not be a surprise.

    An orphan since the age of 5, Lupu was raised by several families in the village. He had no formal education and was actually illiterate, with a very underdeveloped vocabulary. The weekly magazine ‘Realitatea ilustrata’ (The Illustrated Reality) covered widely in its July 1935 issue the so called ‘Miracle of Maglavit’. One of the facts mentioned in the article was that the shepherd had suffered from measles as a child, which left him with hearing and speech impairments. He was described as being lonely but not withdrawn. He was married and had two children. On the days of May 31, June 7 and June 14, 1935, while he was walking to the stables, Lupu allegedly saw an old man hovering above the land. Historian Roland Clark, who studies the religious phenomenon in interwar Romania, currently works on a book that also includes the famous Petrache Lupu case, the hero of the Maglavit story.

    Roland Clark: Petrache Lupu was a shepherd who saw God in 1935. He saw Him 3 times and the first time he said God came down on Earth as an old man. That old man smelled in a certain way. So Petrache went to the village’s priest and told him about the smell, and they decided together that the scent was that of chrism. The old man was covered in hair and told Petrache Lupu he was God and he wanted him to start preaching humility to people, to have them go to church, stop cursing, stop having abortions, ring the church bells and not work on holidays.

    Petrache went to the village, where he told the priest about the formidable apparition. The priest believed him and, together with the community, turned their village into a star, known all over the country.

    Roland Clark: Lupu was supported by the village priest and the bishop, and they both made a lot of money. People were sending money to Maglavit from all over the country, and nobody knows how much actually got there and how much was lost on the way. People discovered Petrache Lupu could heal some diseases, curing especially those who were paralized, deaf or could not speak. They say he himself had a speech impairment, while some say he couldn’t speak at all. Thousands of people organized pilgrimages to that small village and that raised a lot of concern among physicians. Having so many people gathered in a small space like that raised the danger of a serious health crisis. Moreover, if somebody said they got cured through faith, that could influence people and prevent them from seeing a doctor. Not many people would see a doctor back then anyway. They’d rather trust all sorts of healers rather than doctors proper.

    Waves of suffering people sieged Maglavit in search for hope. They say that approximately 2 million people went to see the ‘Saint of Maglavit’ hoping for a cure. Roland Clark says that many benefited from the mystic shepherd and that the case is illustrative of the level of education some of the segments of the population in those times had.

    Roland Clark: This case brings to the forefront many of people’s convictions about religion, superstition, science, medicine and politics. The Iron Guard too tried to infiltrate and get close to Petrache Lupu, everybody was somehow involved and had something to say about that man. By looking at him we can see what Romanian rural culture looked like back in the 1930s. the ‘Army of the Lord’ movement supported Petrache Lupu too. The neo-Protestants said he was just a con man and a fool that could not be trusted, but the Orthodox Church supported him.

    Petrache Lupu died in 1994 in his native village, aged 87. He left behind a legend and a monastery built in 2019. (MI)

  • Petrache Lupu

    Petrache Lupu

    Back in the 1930s, a shepherd from Maglavit, a village on the bank of the River Danube, claimed he had a vision in which God had spoken to him. Terrified at first, but getting more confident by the day, the shepherd started telling villagers about the miracle he had witnessed, and spreading the word of God. This is how the Petrache Lupu phenomenon emerged. Seen as a mystic and a visionary, he grabbed the newspapers’ and illustrated magazines’ headlines for a long time. In a very short period of time, he became one of the most popular characters in Romania, not so much due to his personality or activities, but rather because of people’s appetite for the sensational.

    Lupu was a peasant like any other peasants of the early 20th century. He was born in 1907, the year when the last peasant uprising in Europe had just ended, an uprising that would bring many legislative changes, improving living standards in the rural areas. The modern values that Romanians had adopted starting with 1820 had taken a long time to reach the rural area and people there were very reluctant to embracing them as a way of life. Rural areas were known as places where superstitions were still extremely powerful, despite a consistent church presence. Therefore, against this background, Petrache Lupu emerging as a saviour should not be a surprise.

    An orphan since the age of 5, Lupu was raised by several families in the village. He had no formal education and was actually illiterate, with a very underdeveloped vocabulary. The weekly magazine ‘Realitatea ilustrata’ (The Illustrated Reality) covered widely in its July 1935 issue the so called ‘Miracle of Maglavit’. One of the facts mentioned in the article was that the shepherd had suffered from measles as a child, which left him with hearing and speech impairments. He was described as being lonely but not withdrawn. He was married and had two children. On the days of May 31, June 7 and June 14, 1935, while he was walking to the stables, Lupu allegedly saw an old man hovering above the land. Historian Roland Clark, who studies the religious phenomenon in interwar Romania, currently works on a book that also includes the famous Petrache Lupu case, the hero of the Maglavit story.

    Roland Clark: Petrache Lupu was a shepherd who saw God in 1935. He saw Him 3 times and the first time he said God came down on Earth as an old man. That old man smelled in a certain way. So Petrache went to the village’s priest and told him about the smell, and they decided together that the scent was that of chrism. The old man was covered in hair and told Petrache Lupu he was God and he wanted him to start preaching humility to people, to have them go to church, stop cursing, stop having abortions, ring the church bells and not work on holidays.

    Petrache went to the village, where he told the priest about the formidable apparition. The priest believed him and, together with the community, turned their village into a star, known all over the country.

    Roland Clark: Lupu was supported by the village priest and the bishop, and they both made a lot of money. People were sending money to Maglavit from all over the country, and nobody knows how much actually got there and how much was lost on the way. People discovered Petrache Lupu could heal some diseases, curing especially those who were paralized, deaf or could not speak. They say he himself had a speech impairment, while some say he couldn’t speak at all. Thousands of people organized pilgrimages to that small village and that raised a lot of concern among physicians. Having so many people gathered in a small space like that raised the danger of a serious health crisis. Moreover, if somebody said they got cured through faith, that could influence people and prevent them from seeing a doctor. Not many people would see a doctor back then anyway. They’d rather trust all sorts of healers rather than doctors proper.

    Waves of suffering people sieged Maglavit in search for hope. They say that approximately 2 million people went to see the ‘Saint of Maglavit’ hoping for a cure. Roland Clark says that many benefited from the mystic shepherd and that the case is illustrative of the level of education some of the segments of the population in those times had.

    Roland Clark: This case brings to the forefront many of people’s convictions about religion, superstition, science, medicine and politics. The Iron Guard too tried to infiltrate and get close to Petrache Lupu, everybody was somehow involved and had something to say about that man. By looking at him we can see what Romanian rural culture looked like back in the 1930s. the ‘Army of the Lord’ movement supported Petrache Lupu too. The neo-Protestants said he was just a con man and a fool that could not be trusted, but the Orthodox Church supported him.

    Petrache Lupu died in 1994 in his native village, aged 87. He left behind a legend and a monastery built in 2019. (MI)